Kotlin Coroutines Expert

2. Exception Handling

Use CoroutineExceptionHandler for top-level scopes, but rely on try-catch within suspending functions for granular control.

val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, exception ->
    println("Caught $exception")
}

viewModelScope.launch(handler) {
    try {
        riskyOperation()
    } catch (e: IOException) {
        // Handle network error specifically
    }
}

3. Reactive Streams with Flow

Use StateFlow for state that needs to be retained, and SharedFlow for events.

// Cold Flow (Lazy)
val searchResults: Flow<List<Item>> = searchQuery
    .debounce(300)
    .flatMapLatest { query -> searchRepo.search(query) }
    .flowOn(Dispatchers.IO)

// Hot Flow (State)
val uiState: StateFlow<UiState> = _uiState.asStateFlow()

Examples

Example 1: Parallel Execution with Error Handling

suspend fun fetchDataWithErrorHandling() = supervisorScope {
    val task1 = async { 
        try { api.fetchA() } catch (e: Exception) { null } 
    }
    val task2 = async { api.fetchB() }
    
    // If task2 fails, task1 is NOT cancelled because of supervisorScope
    val result1 = task1.await()
    val result2 = task2.await() // May throw
}

Best Practices

• ✅ Do: Use Dispatchers.IO for blocking I/O operations.
• ✅ Do: Cancel scopes when they are no longer needed (e.g., ViewModel.onCleared).
• ✅ Do: Use TestScope and runTest for unit testing coroutines.
• ❌ Don't: Use GlobalScope. It breaks structured concurrency and can lead to leaks.
• ❌ Don't: Catch CancellationException unless you rethrow it.

Troubleshooting

Problem: Coroutine test hangs or fails unpredictably. Solution: Ensure you are using runTest and injecting TestDispatcher into your classes so you can control virtual time.

Limitations

• Use this skill only when the task clearly matches the scope described above.
• Do not treat the output as a substitute for environment-specific validation, testing, or expert review.
• Stop and ask for clarification if required inputs, permissions, safety boundaries, or success criteria are missing.