ASHRAE 90.1 Appendix G baseline system selection criteria. Use when recommending HVAC system types, creating baseline models, or answering questions about ASHRAE 90.1 compliance.
Select baseline system based on building type, heating fuel, and floor area / floor count.
(hotels/motels, dormitories, apartments)
| Heating Source | System |
|---|---|
| Fossil fuel / hybrid | System 1: PTAC (any size) |
| Electric resistance | System 2: PTHP (any size) |
| Heating Source | < 25,000 ft2 | 25,000-150,000 ft2 | > 150,000 ft2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fossil fuel / hybrid (<=3 floors) |
| System 3: PSZ-AC |
| System 3: PSZ-AC |
| System 5: Pkg VAV w/ Reheat |
| Fossil fuel / hybrid (>3 floors) | System 3: PSZ-AC | System 5: Pkg VAV w/ Reheat | System 7: VAV w/ Reheat |
| Electric resistance (<=3 floors) | System 4: PSZ-HP | System 4: PSZ-HP | System 6: Pkg VAV w/ PFP |
| Electric resistance (>3 floors) | System 4: PSZ-HP | System 6: Pkg VAV w/ PFP | System 8: VAV w/ PFP |
(warehouses, garages, no mechanical cooling)
| Heating Source | System |
|---|---|
| Fossil fuel / hybrid | System 9: Gas Unit Heater |
| Electric resistance | System 10: Electric Unit Heater |
| # | Name | Equipment Level | Heating | Cooling | Plant Loops |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PTAC | Zone | Electric resistance | DX single speed | None |
| 2 | PTHP | Zone | DX heat pump + elec backup | DX heat pump | None |
| 3 | PSZ-AC | Central (single zone) | Gas furnace or elec | DX single speed | None |
| 4 | PSZ-HP | Central (single zone) | DX HP + elec backup | DX heat pump | None |
| 5 | Pkg VAV w/ Reheat | Central (multi zone) | HW reheat coils | DX two speed | Hot water loop + boiler |
| 6 | Pkg VAV w/ PFP | Central (multi zone) | Electric PFP boxes | DX two speed | None |
| 7 | VAV w/ Reheat | Central (multi zone) | HW reheat coils | Chilled water | HW + CHW + condenser loops |
| 8 | VAV w/ PFP | Central (multi zone) | Electric PFP boxes | Chilled water | CHW + condenser loops |
| 9 | Gas Unit Heater | Zone | Gas unit heater | None | None |
| 10 | Electric Unit Heater | Zone | Electric unit heater | None | None |
The heating_fuel parameter maps to:
"NaturalGas" → fossil fuel systems (1, 3, 5, 7, 9)"Electricity" → electric systems (2, 4, 6, 8, 10)"DistrictHeating" → treated as fossil fuel patheconomizer=True by default)When user provides multiple zones:
| Action | Tool | Key Parameters |
|---|---|---|
| Create baseline system | add_baseline_system | system_type, thermal_zone_names, heating_fuel |
| List available systems | list_baseline_systems | (none) |
| System details | get_baseline_system_info | system_type |
| Modern alternatives | add_doas_system, add_vrf_system, add_radiant_system | thermal_zone_names |
| Scenario | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| High ventilation requirements (labs, hospitals) | DOAS with fan coils or chilled beams |
| Many small zones with diverse loads | VRF heat pump system |
| Comfort-critical spaces, radiant heating/cooling | Radiant floor/ceiling |
| Net-zero or high-performance target | DOAS + Radiant or DOAS + VRF |