Cuttingparams | Skills Pool
Cuttingparams Cutting parameter lookup and optimization for CNC machining. Covers feeds, speeds, depths of cut for common materials and operations. USE WHEN user asks 'feeds and speeds', 'cutting parameters', 'SFM for', 'what RPM', 'feed rate for', 'DOC for', or needs machining parameter guidance.
CuttingParams - Machining Parameter Reference
Purpose: Quick lookup and calculation of cutting parameters. Starting points that work, with adjustment guidance.
When to Activate
"What's the SFM for 316 stainless?"
"Feeds and speeds for 7075 aluminium"
"What RPM for a 12mm endmill in steel?"
"Recommended DOC for titanium roughing"
"Help me optimize my cutting parameters"
Spindle Speed (RPM)
RPM = (SFM × 3.82) / Diameter (inches)
RPM = (Vc × 1000) / (π × Diameter mm)
RPM = (Vc × 318.3) / Diameter (mm)
Where:
- SFM = Surface Feet per Minute
- Vc = Cutting Speed in m/min
Feed Rate
npx skillvault add Supraforge/supraforge-aaas-vault-skills-industry-specific-cuttingparams-skill-md
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更新時間 2026年3月7日
職業 Feed (mm/min) = Feed per Rev (mm/rev) × RPM
Feed (mm/min) = Feed per Tooth (mm/tooth) × Number of Teeth × RPM
MRR (cm³/min) = DOC × Feed × Vc × 1000
MRR (cm³/min) = WOC × DOC × Feed Rate / 1000
Material Parameters - Turning
Aluminium Alloys Material Vc Rough (m/min) Vc Finish (m/min) Feed Rough (mm/rev) Feed Finish (mm/rev) DOC Rough (mm) 6061-T6 300-500 400-600 0.2-0.4 0.08-0.15 2-5 7075-T6 250-400 350-500 0.15-0.35 0.08-0.12 2-4 2024-T3 250-400 350-500 0.15-0.35 0.08-0.12 2-4 Cast Aluminium 200-350 300-450 0.15-0.3 0.08-0.12 1.5-3
Tool: Uncoated carbide, polished rake face, sharp edge
Coolant: Flood or mist, water-soluble OK
Carbon & Alloy Steels Material Hardness Vc Rough (m/min) Vc Finish (m/min) Feed Rough (mm/rev) Feed Finish (mm/rev) DOC Rough (mm) 1018 130 HB 180-250 220-300 0.2-0.4 0.08-0.15 2-4 1045 180 HB 150-220 180-260 0.15-0.35 0.08-0.12 1.5-3.5 4140 200 HB 120-180 150-220 0.15-0.3 0.08-0.12 1.5-3 4140 300 HB 80-120 100-150 0.1-0.25 0.05-0.1 1-2.5 4340 280 HB 90-140 120-170 0.1-0.25 0.05-0.1 1-2.5
Tool: Coated carbide (CVD for roughing, PVD for finishing)
Coolant: Flood, high-pressure preferred
Stainless Steels Material Vc Rough (m/min) Vc Finish (m/min) Feed Rough (mm/rev) Feed Finish (mm/rev) DOC Rough (mm) 303 120-180 150-220 0.15-0.3 0.08-0.12 1.5-3 304 100-150 120-180 0.12-0.25 0.06-0.1 1-2.5 316 80-130 100-160 0.1-0.22 0.05-0.1 1-2 316L 80-120 100-150 0.1-0.2 0.05-0.1 1-2 17-4PH (H1025) 70-110 90-140 0.1-0.2 0.05-0.08 0.8-1.8 17-4PH (H900) 50-80 70-100 0.08-0.15 0.04-0.08 0.5-1.5
Tool: PVD coated carbide (TiAlN, AlTiN), positive rake
Coolant: High-pressure flood essential, don't let it rub
Warning: Work hardens - stay aggressive, don't dwell
Material Condition Vc Rough (m/min) Vc Finish (m/min) Feed Rough (mm/rev) Feed Finish (mm/rev) D2 Annealed 60-100 80-120 0.1-0.2 0.05-0.1 D2 Hardened (58-62 HRC) CBN/Ceramic only 80-150 0.05-0.12 0.03-0.08 H13 Annealed 80-120 100-150 0.12-0.22 0.06-0.1 H13 Hardened (48-52 HRC) 40-70 60-100 0.08-0.15 0.04-0.08 A2 Annealed 70-110 90-140 0.1-0.2 0.05-0.1 S7 Annealed 80-120 100-150 0.12-0.22 0.06-0.1
Tool: For hardened - CBN or ceramic inserts
Coolant: Often dry for hardened (CBN), flood for annealed
Titanium Alloys Material Vc Rough (m/min) Vc Finish (m/min) Feed Rough (mm/rev) Feed Finish (mm/rev) DOC Rough (mm) CP Grade 2 60-90 80-120 0.15-0.25 0.08-0.12 1-2.5 Ti-6Al-4V 40-70 55-90 0.1-0.2 0.06-0.1 0.8-2 Ti-6Al-4V (aged) 35-55 45-75 0.08-0.15 0.05-0.08 0.5-1.5
Tool: Uncoated or PVD carbide, sharp edge, positive rake
Coolant: HIGH-PRESSURE flood (70+ bar), copious amounts
Warning: Fire risk with chips, poor thermal conductivity
Superalloys Material Vc Rough (m/min) Vc Finish (m/min) Feed Rough (mm/rev) Feed Finish (mm/rev) DOC Rough (mm) Inconel 718 25-45 35-60 0.1-0.18 0.05-0.1 0.5-1.5 Inconel 625 25-40 35-55 0.08-0.15 0.05-0.08 0.5-1.2 Hastelloy C-276 20-35 30-50 0.08-0.15 0.04-0.08 0.4-1 Waspaloy 20-40 30-55 0.08-0.15 0.05-0.08 0.5-1.2
Tool: Ceramic (roughing), CBN (finishing), or whisker-reinforced
Coolant: High-pressure flood or dry with ceramic
Warning: Extreme tool wear, work hardens badly
Plastics Material Vc (m/min) Feed (mm/rev) DOC (mm) Notes Delrin/Acetal 200-400 0.1-0.3 1-4 Sharp tools, watch heat Nylon 150-300 0.1-0.25 1-3 Flexible, support well PEEK 100-200 0.08-0.2 0.5-2 Expensive, careful PTFE 150-300 0.1-0.25 1-3 Very flexible Polycarbonate 150-300 0.1-0.2 0.5-2 Stress cracking risk
Tool: Sharp, polished, uncoated carbide or PCD
Coolant: Air blast or mist (avoid flooding most plastics)
Brass & Bronze Material Vc Rough (m/min) Vc Finish (m/min) Feed Rough (mm/rev) Feed Finish (mm/rev) Free-cutting Brass 200-400 300-500 0.15-0.35 0.08-0.15 Naval Brass 150-250 200-350 0.12-0.28 0.06-0.12 Phosphor Bronze 100-180 150-250 0.1-0.22 0.05-0.1 Aluminium Bronze 80-140 120-200 0.1-0.2 0.05-0.1
Tool: Uncoated carbide, neutral or slightly negative rake for brass
Coolant: Often dry, light mist for finish
Material Parameters - Milling
Aluminium Alloys Material Vc (m/min) Fz Rough (mm/tooth) Fz Finish (mm/tooth) Ae Rough Ap Rough 6061-T6 300-600 0.1-0.2 0.05-0.1 50-70% 1-2×D 7075-T6 250-500 0.08-0.18 0.04-0.08 50-70% 1-1.5×D
Tool: 2-3 flute, polished, high helix (45°), uncoated or ZrN
Steels Material Hardness Vc (m/min) Fz Rough (mm/tooth) Fz Finish (mm/tooth) Ae Rough Ap Rough 1018 130 HB 150-250 0.08-0.15 0.04-0.08 40-60% 0.5-1×D 4140 200 HB 100-180 0.06-0.12 0.03-0.06 30-50% 0.5-1×D 4140 300 HB 60-100 0.04-0.1 0.02-0.05 25-40% 0.3-0.7×D
Tool: 4+ flute, AlTiN or TiAlN coated, variable helix
Stainless Steels Material Vc (m/min) Fz Rough (mm/tooth) Fz Finish (mm/tooth) Ae Rough Ap Rough 304 80-140 0.05-0.1 0.03-0.06 30-50% 0.3-0.8×D 316 60-120 0.04-0.09 0.02-0.05 25-45% 0.3-0.7×D 17-4PH 50-100 0.04-0.08 0.02-0.05 25-40% 0.3-0.6×D
Tool: 5+ flute, AlTiN coated, variable pitch, through-coolant
Strategy: High-efficiency milling (HEM) / trochoidal preferred
Titanium Material Vc (m/min) Fz (mm/tooth) Ae Ap Notes Ti-6Al-4V 40-70 0.05-0.1 10-20% 1-2×D HEM essential
Tool: 5+ flute, variable helix, through-coolant, sharp
Strategy: Light radial, deep axial, high-pressure coolant
Superalloys Material Vc (m/min) Fz (mm/tooth) Ae Ap Notes Inconel 718 20-45 0.03-0.08 10-15% 0.5-1.5×D Ceramic or CBN
Tool: Ceramic endmills for roughing, CBN for finishing
Strategy: Light engagement, rigid setup essential
Drilling Parameters Material Vc (m/min) Feed (mm/rev) Peck Depth Notes Aluminium 80-150 0.15-0.3 3×D Through-coolant preferred Mild Steel 25-40 0.1-0.25 1-2×D Flood coolant Stainless 15-30 0.08-0.18 0.5-1×D High-pressure, frequent peck Titanium 12-25 0.06-0.12 0.3-0.5×D Through-coolant essential Inconel 8-15 0.04-0.1 0.2-0.3×D Carbide or CBN
Peck Drilling Guide Hole Depth Peck Frequency Retract < 3×D No peck needed - 3-5×D Every 1×D Full retract 5-10×D Every 0.5×D Full retract > 10×D Gundrilling -
Threading Parameters
Single-Point Threading (Turning) Material Vc (m/min) Infeed Method Passes Aluminium 100-200 Flank/Modified 4-6 Steel 60-100 Modified flank 6-10 Stainless 40-80 Modified flank 8-12 Titanium 25-50 Radial 10-15
DOC per pass: Start at 0.2-0.3mm, reduce progressively
Thread Milling Material Vc (m/min) Fz (mm/tooth) Aluminium 150-300 0.05-0.1 Steel 80-150 0.03-0.08 Stainless 50-100 0.02-0.06 Titanium 30-60 0.02-0.05
Tapping Material Vc (m/min) Notes Aluminium 20-40 Spiral flute, flood Steel 10-25 Spiral point, flood Stainless 5-15 Form tap or spiral flute Titanium 3-8 Spiral flute, high-pressure
Insert Selection Guide
Turning Insert Grades Material Roughing Finishing Aluminium Uncoated, polished PCD or uncoated polished Steel (<300 HB) CVD coated PVD coated Steel (>300 HB) Ceramic/CBN CBN Stainless PVD (TiAlN) PVD (AlTiN) Titanium Uncoated or PVD Uncoated sharp Inconel Ceramic CBN or ceramic
Insert Geometry Application Nose Radius Rake Lead Angle Heavy roughing 1.2-1.6mm Negative 45° Light roughing 0.8mm Neutral 90° Finishing 0.4mm Positive 90° Precision finish 0.2mm Positive 90° Interrupted cut 0.8-1.2mm Negative 45°
Troubleshooting Parameters
Problem: Poor Surface Finish Symptom Likely Cause Fix Rough, torn Speed too low Increase Vc 20% Feed marks visible Feed too high Reduce feed 20% Chatter marks Vibration Reduce DOC, increase feed Built-up edge Wrong speed/material Increase speed, change insert Smearing Rubbing Sharper insert, increase feed
Wear Type Cause Fix Flank wear Speed too high Reduce Vc 15-20% Crater wear Heat/chemical Better coating, reduce speed Notch wear Work hardening Vary DOC, change lead angle Chipping Interrupted/shock Tougher grade, reduce feed Built-up edge Speed too low Increase Vc, better coating
Problem: Chatter/Vibration Cause Solution Tool overhang Reduce stickout, larger shank Light cut Increase feed or DOC Wrong speed Adjust RPM (try ±20%) Part not rigid Better workholding, steadies Insert nose radius Smaller radius
Problem: Chip Control Issue Material Solution Bird's nest Stainless, aluminium Chipbreaker, increase feed Stringy chips Ductile materials Higher feed, chipbreaker Long chips Low carbon steel Increase feed, DOC Chip packing Deep holes Peck drilling, through-coolant Welding to tool Aluminium, stainless Increase speed, better coating
Swiss Machine Parameters (CITIZEN)
Small Diameter Work (Ø3-10mm) Material Vc (m/min) Feed (mm/rev) DOC (mm) 303SS 80-120 0.02-0.06 0.2-0.8 316SS 60-100 0.02-0.05 0.15-0.6 Brass 150-250 0.03-0.08 0.3-1.0 Aluminium 200-350 0.03-0.08 0.3-1.2 Ti-6Al-4V 30-50 0.01-0.04 0.1-0.4
LFV Settings (CITIZEN LFV) Material Use LFV? Frequency Amplitude 316SS Yes 10-20 Hz 0.05-0.15mm 304SS Yes 10-20 Hz 0.05-0.15mm Titanium Yes 8-15 Hz 0.03-0.1mm Aluminium Rarely - - Brass No - - Plastics Sometimes 5-10 Hz 0.02-0.08mm
LFV Benefits: Breaks chips into small segments, eliminates bird-nesting, improves surface finish on gummy materials
Quick Reference Cards
Turning - Starting Points ALUMINIUM: Vc=400 Feed=0.2 DOC=3mm
STEEL: Vc=180 Feed=0.2 DOC=2mm
STAINLESS: Vc=100 Feed=0.15 DOC=1.5mm
TITANIUM: Vc=50 Feed=0.12 DOC=1mm
INCONEL: Vc=30 Feed=0.1 DOC=0.8mm
Milling - Starting Points ALUMINIUM: Vc=400 Fz=0.15 Ae=50% Ap=1×D
STEEL: Vc=150 Fz=0.08 Ae=40% Ap=0.7×D
STAINLESS: Vc=90 Fz=0.06 Ae=30% Ap=0.5×D
TITANIUM: Vc=50 Fz=0.06 Ae=15% Ap=1.5×D (HEM)
INCONEL: Vc=30 Fz=0.05 Ae=10% Ap=1×D (HEM)
RPM Quick Calc (metric) RPM = (Vc × 318) / Diameter(mm)
Examples @ Vc=100 m/min:
Ø6mm = 5,300 RPM
Ø10mm = 3,180 RPM
Ø12mm = 2,650 RPM
Ø16mm = 1,990 RPM
Ø20mm = 1,590 RPM
Ø25mm = 1,270 RPM
Ø50mm = 636 RPM
Integration
CNCSetup: Auto-populate cutting parameters in setup sheetsTribalKnowledge: Store proven parameters that beat book valuesQuoteEstimator: More accurate cycle times with real parametersPlantCapability: Material-specific machine recommendations 02
When to Activate
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