Straylight Script

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腳本編寫

Writing a New Script

Step 1: Create the Script

-- nix/scripts/my-tool.hs
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}

import Straylight.Script
import System.Environment (getArgs)

main :: IO ()
main = do
    args <- getArgs
    case args of
        [arg1, arg2] -> script $ doThing (pack arg1) (pack arg2)
        _ -> script $ do
            echoErr "Usage: my-tool <arg1> <arg2>"
            exit 1

doThing :: Text -> Text -> Sh ()
doThing x y = do
    echoErr $ ":: Processing " <> x
    output <- run "echo" [x, y]
    echo output

Step 2: Register in script.nix

compiled = {
  my-tool = mkCompiledScript {
    name = "my-tool";
    deps = [ final.jq final.crane ];
  };
};

Step 3: Run It

# Compiled (production)
nix run .#straylight.script.compiled.my-tool -- arg1 arg2

# Interpreted (development)
nix run .#straylight.script.shell
runghc -i. my-tool.hs arg1 arg2

API Reference

Running Scripts

script      :: Sh a -> IO a   -- Silent, errors on failure
scriptV     :: Sh a -> IO a   -- Verbose (shows commands)
scriptDebug :: Sh a -> IO a   -- Very verbose

Running Commands

run       :: FilePath -> [Text] -> Sh Text  -- Capture stdout
run_      :: FilePath -> [Text] -> Sh ()    -- Ignore stdout
bash      :: Text -> Sh Text                -- Run bash -c "..."
which     :: FilePath -> Sh (Maybe FilePath)

Output

echo      :: Text -> Sh ()       -- Print to stdout
echoErr   :: Text -> Sh ()       -- Print to stderr (USE THIS)
die       :: Text -> Sh a        -- Print error and exit
exit      :: Int -> Sh ()

Filesystem

ls, cp, mv, rm, mkdir, mkdirP
pwd, cd, home, withTmpDir
test_f, test_d, test_e         -- Existence tests
symlink, readlink, canonicalize

Text (Data.Text)

Text, pack, unpack
strip, lines, unlines, words, unwords
isPrefixOf, isSuffixOf, isInfixOf
replace, splitOn, breakOn

Error Handling

try, catch, bracket, finally
errExit :: Bool -> Sh a -> Sh a  -- Control error-on-failure

Tool Wrappers

Import qualified to avoid name conflicts:

import qualified Straylight.Script.Tools.Rg as Rg
import qualified Straylight.Script.Tools.Bwrap as Bwrap
import qualified Straylight.Script.Tools.Crane as Crane
import qualified Straylight.Script.Tools.Jq as Jq

Available Tools

Bwrap Example (Builder Pattern)

let sandbox = Bwrap.defaults
        & Bwrap.roBind "/nix/store" "/nix/store"
        & Bwrap.dev "/dev"
        & Bwrap.proc "/proc"
        & Bwrap.tmpfs "/tmp"
        & Bwrap.unshareAll
        & Bwrap.dieWithParent

Bwrap.exec sandbox ["./myprogram", "--flag"]

Domain Modules

Straylight.Script.Oci - Containers

rootfs <- Oci.pullOrCache Oci.defaultConfig "alpine:latest"
let sandbox = Oci.baseSandbox rootfs & Oci.withGpuSupport env gpuBinds

Straylight.Script.Vfio - GPU Passthrough

gpus <- Vfio.listNvidiaGpus
devices <- Vfio.bindToVfio "0000:01:00.0"

Straylight.Script.Vm - Virtual Machines

Vm.buildExt4 "/tmp/rootfs-dir" "/tmp/rootfs.ext4"
Vm.runFirecracker config

Dhall Configuration

For Nix -> Haskell value passing:

-- nix/scripts/Straylight/Config/MyTool.dhall
let Base = ./Base.dhall

let Config =
    { Type =
        { inputPath : Base.StorePath
        , verbose : Bool
        }
    , default = { verbose = False }
    }

in { Config }

-- Haskell side
data Config = Config
    { inputPath :: StorePath
    , verbose :: Bool
    } deriving (Generic)

instance FromDhall Config

Best Practices

1. Always use echoErr for status messages (keeps stdout clean)
2. Use errExit False when command failure is acceptable
3. Import tools qualified to avoid name clashes
4. Parse args early, fail fast with clear usage
5. Use withTmpDir for intermediate files
6. Use builder pattern (&) for Bwrap sandboxes

Generate Tool Wrappers

# Generate and print
nix run .#straylight.script.gen-wrapper -- rg

# Write to Tools/Fd.hs
nix run .#straylight.script.gen-wrapper -- fd --write

# Force GNU format
nix run .#straylight.script.gen-wrapper -- grep --gnu --write