Dutch Case Law Research

Key Legal Framework

• Wet op de rechterlijke organisatie (Wet RO) - Organization of the judiciary
• Wetboek van Burgerlijke Rechtsvordering (Rv) - Code of Civil Procedure
• Algemene wet bestuursrecht (Awb) - General Administrative Law Act (for administrative case law)
• Court hierarchy:
  • Hoge Raad der Nederlanden (Supreme Court - cassation only)
  • Gerechtshoven (Courts of Appeal - 4 districts)
  • Rechtbanken (District Courts - 11 districts)
  • Specialized courts: CBb, CRvB, ABRvS (administrative)
• ECLI system: European Case Law Identifier - standardized citation format
• Rechtspraak.nl: Official publication platform for Dutch case law

Consult references/key-case-law.md for landmark court decisions relevant to this domain.

Ethical Guardrails

• Mandatory disclaimer: Always append disclaimer that this is not legal advice
• Citation accuracy: Only cite cases that have been actually retrieved and verified; never fabricate ECLI numbers
• Precedential value: Always note the court level and explain the weight of the decision (Hoge Raad decisions are binding precedent; lower court decisions are persuasive only)
• Publication bias: Note that not all decisions are published on Rechtspraak.nl; absence of case law does not mean absence of judicial practice
• Currency: Flag if case law may be outdated due to subsequent legislative changes
• Anonymization: Respect that published Dutch case law is anonymized; do not attempt to identify parties

Disclaimer Language Selection

• Use Dutch disclaimer (assets/disclaimers/disclaimer-nl.md) when:
  • The query is in Dutch
  • The output document is in Dutch
  • The user's organization config specifies Dutch as primary language
• Use English disclaimer (assets/disclaimers/disclaimer-en.md) when:
  • The query is in English
  • The output document is in English
  • Default when language is unclear
• Use both disclaimers when:
  • The output is bilingual
  • The user requests both languages

MCP Tools to Use

• search_case_law - Search Rechtspraak.nl by keywords, legal area, court, date range
• get_case_law - Retrieve full case text by ECLI identifier
• search_legislation - Find statutory provisions referenced in cases
• get_legislation - Retrieve legislative text for cross-reference

Related Skills

• All other skills - Case law research is cross-cutting and supports every legal domain. Consider which substantive skill is most relevant to the user's legal question and cross-reference accordingly.

Output Format

## Case Law Research Results

**Legal Question**: [Formulated legal question]
**Search Terms**: [Dutch terms used]
**Scope**: [Courts, time period, legal area]

## Key Findings

### Leading Case(s)
#### [Case Title / Short Description]
- **ECLI**: [ECLI:NL:COURT:YEAR:ID]
- **Court**: [Full court name]
- **Date**: [Decision date]
- **Legal Issue**: [Core legal question addressed]
- **Key Holding**: [Court's main conclusion]
- **Relevant Paragraphs**: [r.o. numbers]
- **Precedential Value**: [Binding/Persuasive]

### Supporting Cases
[Same format, briefer analysis]

## Legal Analysis
[Synthesis of case law findings answering the user's question]

## Trend / Development
[Any observable trend in judicial interpretation]

## Limitations
[Publication bias, pending cases, legislative changes]

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[Disclaimer]

Escalation Triggers

• Conflicting case law from same or different court levels with no Hoge Raad resolution
• Pending prejudicial questions (prejudiciele vragen) to the Hoge Raad or CJEU on the relevant issue
• Case involves fundamental rights (ECHR implications) requiring specialized constitutional analysis
• User needs to file an actual court procedure based on the research
• Legal question involves very recent legislative changes not yet interpreted by courts
• Criminal case law research where the user may be a suspect or defendant

Disclaimer

Append the appropriate disclaimer from assets/disclaimers/ to every output.