People leadership for scaling companies. Covers hiring strategy, compensation design, org structure, performance management, retention, culture health, and workforce planning. Use when building hiring plans, designing comp frameworks, restructuring teams, managing performance, building career ladders, handling attrition, workforce planning, or when user mentions CHRO, HR, people strategy, talent acquisition, headcount, compensation, org design, retention, performance management, employee engagement, or people operations.
People strategy and operational HR frameworks for business-aligned hiring, compensation, org design, performance management, and culture that scales. The CHRO translates business goals into people requirements and ensures the organization has the talent, structure, and culture to execute.
CHRO, chief people officer, HR, human resources, people strategy, hiring plan, headcount planning, talent acquisition, recruiting, compensation, salary bands, equity, org design, organizational design, career ladder, title framework, retention, performance management, culture, engagement, remote work, hybrid, spans of control, succession planning, attrition, workforce planning, people analytics, eNPS, onboarding, offboarding, DEI, employer brand
START: Business goal identified
|
v
[Can existing team deliver this goal?]
|
+-- YES --> [Is current capacity sustainable?]
| |
| +-- YES --> No hiring needed. Optimize.
| +-- NO --> Hire for sustainability (backfill/support)
|
+-- NO --> [Is this a skill gap or capacity gap?]
|
+-- SKILL GAP --> [Can we develop internally in < 90 days?]
| |
| +-- YES --> Train/develop. No hire.
| +-- NO --> Hire specialist.
|
+-- CAPACITY GAP --> [Is this temporary or permanent?]
|
+-- TEMPORARY --> Contract/agency
+-- PERMANENT --> Full-time hire with business case
Every hire needs a business case. "We need more people" is not a business case.
| Question | Required Answer |
|---|---|
| What revenue or risk does this role address? | Specific dollar amount or risk description |
| What happens if we don't fill this in 90 days? | Concrete impact statement |
| Can existing team absorb this with re-prioritization? | Yes/No with explanation |
| What's the fully-loaded cost (salary + benefits + equity + tools + overhead)? | Dollar amount |
| What's the expected ramp time to full productivity? | Weeks/months |
| Who will manage this person? | Named manager with capacity |
| Stage | Team Size | CHRO Focus | Hiring Speed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-seed | 1-5 | Founders hire directly | 1-2/quarter |
| Seed | 5-15 | First structured interviews, no HR person yet | 2-4/quarter |
| Series A | 15-40 | First People hire, comp bands, career ladder v1 | 4-8/quarter |
| Series B | 40-100 | CHRO or VP People, full hiring process, HRIS | 8-20/quarter |
| Series C | 100-250 | People team (3-5), manager training, performance system | 15-40/quarter |
| Growth | 250+ | Full people function, analytics, L&D, total rewards | 30+/quarter |
Level Framework:
IC Track Management Track
--------- ----------------
L1: Junior/Associate --
L2: Mid-level --
L3: Senior M1: Manager (first-time)
L4: Staff/Principal M2: Senior Manager
L5: Distinguished/Fellow M3: Director
-- M4: VP
-- M5: SVP/C-level
| Step | Action | Data Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Define levels with clear competency criteria | Internal role descriptions |
| 2 | Benchmark each level against market | Levels.fyi, Pave, Radford, Option Impact |
| 3 | Set band width (typically 20-30% spread) | Market data + internal equity |
| 4 | Position band midpoint at target percentile | P50 for cash, P50-P75 for total comp |
| 5 | Define equity bands per level | Stage-appropriate equity calculator |
| 6 | Set promotion criteria between levels | Performance + scope + impact |
| Component | Purpose | Refresh Cadence |
|---|---|---|
| Base salary | Market-rate cash compensation | Annual review |
| Annual bonus | Performance-linked variable pay | Annual (if applicable) |
| Equity (options/RSUs) | Long-term alignment and retention | Initial grant + annual refresh |
| Benefits | Health, 401k, perks | Annual review |
| Signing bonus | Competitive offer sweetener | One-time |
| Stage | IC Hire (L2-L3) | Senior Hire (L4-L5) | VP/C-Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| Seed | 0.25-1.0% | 1.0-2.5% | 2.0-5.0% |
| Series A | 0.05-0.25% | 0.25-0.75% | 0.5-2.0% |
| Series B | 0.01-0.10% | 0.10-0.30% | 0.25-1.0% |
| Series C+ | 0.005-0.05% | 0.05-0.15% | 0.10-0.50% |
| Role Type | Optimal Span | Warning Signs |
|---|---|---|
| IC Manager (engineering) | 5-8 direct reports | > 10: no coaching time. < 4: unnecessary layer |
| IC Manager (non-eng) | 6-10 direct reports | > 12: overwhelmed. < 5: manager inflation |
| Manager of Managers | 4-7 direct reports | > 8: can't support managers. < 3: too many layers |
| VP/Director | 5-8 direct reports | > 10: strategic thinking suffers |
TRIGGER: Team growing past threshold
|
v
[Current span of control > optimal?]
|
+-- NO --> Don't add layer. Resist the urge.
+-- YES --> [Is there a strong internal candidate?]
|
+-- YES --> Promote from within (faster, culture-preserving)
+-- NO --> [Is external hire justified?]
|
+-- YES --> Hire manager with 90-day expectations
+-- NO --> Split team instead of adding layer
| Anti-Pattern | Symptom | Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Title inflation | Everyone is a "Head of" at 20 people | Standardized level framework |
| Shadow org | Real decisions made outside official structure | Align authority with accountability |
| Matrix chaos | Every person has 3 reporting lines | One clear manager, dotted lines documented |
| Founder bottleneck | All decisions flow through founder | Delegation framework (see founder-coach) |
| Empire building | Managers hire to grow team, not to deliver | Tie headcount to business outcomes |
| Rating | Label | Distribution Target | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | Exceptional | 5-10% | Accelerated promotion, significant equity refresh, retention bonus |
| 4 | Exceeds Expectations | 20-25% | Above-market raise, stretch assignment, mentor role |
| 3 | Meets Expectations | 50-60% | Market adjustment, development plan, new challenges |
| 2 | Needs Improvement | 10-15% | PIP with 60-day milestones, weekly manager check-ins |
| 1 | Underperforming | 2-5% | Exit conversation or immediate role change |
| Activity | Frequency | Owner | Participants |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1:1 meetings | Weekly | Manager | Manager + direct report |
| Goal check-in | Monthly | Manager | Manager + direct report |
| Peer feedback collection | Quarterly | People team | Cross-functional peers |
| Performance review | Semi-annual | Manager + People | Manager, report, skip-level |
| Calibration session | Semi-annual | People team | All managers at same level |
| Promotion committee | Semi-annual | People + Leadership | Committee of L4+ leaders |
| Element | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Specific gaps | Observable behaviors, not vague criticism |
| Measurable goals | 3-5 targets with success criteria |
| Timeline | 30-60 days maximum |
| Support offered | Training, mentoring, resources |
| Check-in cadence | Weekly minimum |
| Clear outcome | What happens if goals are met vs. not met |
| Documentation | Written, signed, filed |
| Factor | Low Risk (1) | Medium Risk (2) | High Risk (3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comp competitiveness | Above P50 | At P50 | Below P50 |
| Manager relationship | Strong trust | Adequate | Friction or distrust |
| Career growth | Clear path, progressing | Path exists, slow progress | No visible path |
| Engagement | High eNPS, advocates | Neutral | Disengaged, passive |
| Tenure | < 1 year or > 3 years | 1-2 years | 18-24 months (cliff danger) |
| External demand | Low market demand | Moderate | Hot market, recruiters active |
Total score 6-8: Low risk. Monitor quarterly. Total score 9-13: Medium risk. Proactive retention conversation needed. Total score 14-18: High risk. Immediate intervention required.
Risk Level: LOW (6-8)
--> Standard: competitive comp, regular 1:1s, career conversations
Risk Level: MEDIUM (9-13)
--> Proactive: skip-level conversation, comp review, stretch project
--> Timeline: act within 30 days of identification
Risk Level: HIGH (14-18)
--> Urgent: retention package (comp + equity + role change), CEO involvement
--> Timeline: act within 7 days of identification
--> If departure: structured exit interview, knowledge transfer plan
| Metric | Target | Red Flag | Data Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Regrettable attrition (annualized) | < 10% | > 15% | HRIS |
| eNPS score | > 30 | < 0 | Quarterly survey |
| Time to fill (critical roles) | < 45 days | > 90 days | ATS |
| Offer acceptance rate | > 85% | < 70% | ATS |
| Revenue per employee | Growing QoQ | Declining | Finance + HRIS |
| Metric | Target | Action Trigger |
|---|---|---|
| Open requisitions | Per plan | > 120% of plan = capacity strain |
| 90-day voluntary turnover | < 5% | > 8% = onboarding/hiring problem |
| Manager effectiveness score | > 3.8/5 | < 3.5 = management development needed |
| % employees within comp band | > 90% | < 80% = band recalibration needed |
| Internal promotion rate | > 25% | < 15% = career development gap |
| Metric | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Pipeline by role (candidates per stage) | Hiring velocity tracking |
| Interviewer load (interviews per person per week) | Prevent interviewer burnout |
| Offer-to-close time | Process efficiency |
| Compa-ratio distribution | Compensation equity |
| Training completion rate | Compliance and development |
| When... | CHRO Works With... | To... |
|---|---|---|
| Headcount planning | CFO (cfo-advisor) | Model fully-loaded cost, secure budget |
| Hiring timing | COO (coo-advisor) | Align with operational capacity and project timelines |
| Engineering hiring | CTO (cto-advisor) | Define technical scorecards, level expectations |
| Revenue team scaling | CRO (cro-advisor) | Quota coverage modeling, ramp time projections |
| Board reporting | CEO (ceo-advisor) | People KPIs, attrition risk narrative, culture health |
| Equity grants | CFO + Board | Dilution modeling, option pool refresh |
| Culture programs | Culture Architect (culture-architect) | Behavioral anchors, engagement programs |
| Org restructuring | CEO + COO | Change management, communication plan |
| Founder development | Founder Coach (founder-coach) | Leadership style evolution, delegation |
Surface these without being asked when detected:
| Request | Deliverable |
|---|---|
| "Build a hiring plan" | Headcount plan: roles, timing, cost, ramp model, business case per role |
| "Set up comp bands" | Compensation framework: levels, bands, equity, benchmarks, refresh policy |
| "Design our org" | Org chart proposal: spans, layers, transition plan, timeline |
| "We're losing people" | Retention analysis: risk scores, root causes, intervention plan per person |
| "People board section" | Board slide: headcount, attrition, hiring velocity, engagement, top risks |
| "Performance review setup" | Performance framework: ratings, calibration, review cadence, templates |
| "Remote work policy" | Policy document: expectations, tools, communication norms, exceptions |
Scores employee retention risk across 6 factors (comp, manager, career, engagement, tenure, market demand). Generates prioritized intervention plans and identifies org-level patterns.
# Run with demo data
python scripts/retention_risk_scorer.py
# From JSON with employee data
python scripts/retention_risk_scorer.py --input employees.json
# JSON output
python scripts/retention_risk_scorer.py --json
Models hiring plans with fully-loaded cost projections, ramp timelines, ROI per role, and quarterly budget impact.
# Run with demo plan
python scripts/headcount_planner.py
# From JSON hiring plan
python scripts/headcount_planner.py --input hiring_plan.json
# JSON output
python scripts/headcount_planner.py --json
Analyzes compensation equity: compa-ratios, band positioning, pay equity flags, and adjustment recommendations with budget impact.
# Run with demo data
python scripts/comp_band_analyzer.py
# From JSON with bands and employees
python scripts/comp_band_analyzer.py --input comp_data.json
# JSON output
python scripts/comp_band_analyzer.py --json
| Problem | Likely Cause | Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Attrition spikes with exit interviews naming the same manager | Manager problem, not culture problem | Investigate the specific manager; provide coaching or make a change |
| Comp bands not refreshed in 18+ months | Market has moved; losing candidates and retaining wrong people | Benchmark against Levels.fyi/Pave/Radford; update bands quarterly for hot roles |
| Top performers leave at 18-24 months | No career ladder; equity cliff approaching with no refresh | Build career ladder with clear criteria; implement annual equity refresh program |
| Offer acceptance rate drops below 75% | Comp is wrong, process is too slow, or candidate experience is poor | Audit rejected offers for reason; benchmark comp; measure time-to-offer |
| Performance reviews happen once a year and problems fester | Review cadence too infrequent; no continuous feedback culture | Implement weekly 1:1s, monthly goal check-ins, semi-annual formal reviews |
| eNPS drops below 0 | Structural problem, not a morale event | Deep-dive survey results by department and manager; address root causes |
In Scope: Workforce planning, compensation design, org structure, performance management, retention strategy, career ladders, people analytics, headcount modeling, comp band analysis.
Out of Scope: Employment law advice, immigration processing, payroll operations, benefits administration, workers' compensation claims, union negotiations, individual employee counseling.
Limitations: Retention risk scoring relies on manager assessments which may have bias. Comp band analysis uses provided market data -- accuracy depends on benchmark quality. Headcount planner uses linear cost projections that don't account for signing bonuses, relocation, or variable compensation. Pay equity analysis requires gender/demographic data which may not be available.
| Skill | Integration |
|---|---|
cfo-advisor | Headcount budget modeling; fully-loaded cost for financial planning |
ceo-advisor | People KPIs for board reporting; attrition risk narrative |
coo-advisor | Hiring timing aligned with operational capacity |
cto-advisor | Engineering hiring scorecards; technical leveling |
cro-advisor | Revenue team quota coverage modeling; sales ramp projections |
culture-architect | Behavioral anchors for performance reviews; engagement programs |
founder-coach | Founder leadership style evolution; delegation frameworks |
change-management | People impact assessment for reorgs; communication sequencing |