Domain Knowledge

Entity Hierarchy

National (DepEd Central)
    └── Region (17 regions)
            └── Division (220+ divisions)
                    └── District (optional for municipalities)
                            └── School (48,000+ schools)
                                    └── Section (classes)
                                            └── Learner (27M+ students)

Key Entities

Learner

Teacher

School

Enrollment

Business Rules

Enrollment Rules

1. One school per SY: Student can only be enrolled in ONE school per school year
2. Parent approval: Required for all minors (under 18)
3. Transfer requirements: Transferees need Release of Records from previous school
4. Late enrollment: Requires Division Office approval after cutoff date

Attendance Rules

1. Daily recording: Attendance recorded by section daily
2. Dropout risk: 10 consecutive absences triggers alert
3. Excused absences: Require parent note or medical certificate
4. Monthly reports: SF2 (School Form 2) generated monthly

Grading Rules

1. Quarterly grading: 4 quarters per school year
2. Passing grade: 75%
3. Components:
   • Written Work: 20-30%
   • Performance Task: 45-50%
   • Quarterly Assessment: 20-25%
4. Final grade: Average of 4 quarters
5. Remediation: Required if quarterly grade < 75%

Validation Rules

Validation Code Examples

// LRN Value Object
public record LRN(String value) {
    public LRN {
        if (value == null || !value.matches("\\d{12}")) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("LRN must be 12 digits");
        }
    }
}

// School Year Value Object
public record SchoolYear(int startYear, int endYear) {
    public SchoolYear {
        if (endYear != startYear + 1) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("School year must span 1 year");
        }
        if (startYear < 2000 || startYear > 2100) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid school year range");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return startYear + "-" + endYear;
    }
}

// Grade Level
public record GradeLevel(int level) {
    public GradeLevel {
        if (level < 1 || level > 12) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Grade level must be 1-12");
        }
    }
}

API Naming Conventions

/api/v1/learners          # Learner management
/api/v1/teachers          # Teacher management
/api/v1/schools           # School management
/api/v1/enrollments       # Enrollment workflows
/api/v1/attendance        # Attendance recording
/api/v1/grades            # Grade management
/api/v1/sections          # Section/class management
/api/v1/divisions         # Division management
/api/v1/regions           # Region management

Status State Machines

Enrollment Status

     ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
     │                                                 │
     ▼                                                 │
  PENDING ──→ PARENT_APPROVED ──→ SCHOOL_APPROVED     │
     │              │                    │             │
     └──────────────┴────────────────────┴─→ REJECTED ─┘

Learner Status

  NEW ──→ ENROLLED ──→ DROPPED
              │          │
              ▼          │
         TRANSFERRED ←───┘
              │
              ▼
         GRADUATED

Checklist When Implementing DepEd Features

• Validate LRN format (12 digits)
• Validate school year format (YYYY-YYYY)
• Enforce one enrollment per school year
• Check parent approval for minors
• Include tenant context (multi-agency support)
• Log all PII access for COA audit
• Support offline scenarios (rural areas)