Code Execution Fallback

When execute_code_sandbox fails, follow this escalation pattern:

Level 1: Retry with Simpler Code

• Simplify the code structure
• Remove complex dependencies
• Add explicit error handling

Level 2: Use run_shell with Heredoc

When sandbox execution repeatedly fails, switch to shell execution:

python3 << 'EOF'
import os
import pandas as pd

# Your code here
data = {"col1": [1, 2, 3], "col2": ["a", "b", "c"]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
df.to_csv("output.csv", index=False)
print("File written successfully")
EOF

Key points:

• Use << 'EOF' (quoted) to prevent variable expansion
• Include all imports and dependencies inline
• Add explicit success/failure messages

Level 3: Delegate to shell_agent

For complex multi-step tasks with error recovery needs:

Task: Create a data processing pipeline that reads CSV, transforms data, and outputs Excel
Requirements:
- Handle missing values
- Apply transformations
- Write to ./output/ directory
- Retry on transient errors

3. Explicit Path Management

Always use absolute or explicitly relative paths:

# BAD - relies on implicit working directory
df.to_csv("output/data.csv")

# GOOD - explicit path anchoring
import os
base_path = os.getcwd()
output_dir = os.path.join(base_path, "output")
os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)
df.to_csv(os.path.join(output_dir, "data.csv"))

# BAD
cd some_dir && python script.py

# GOOD
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
cd "$SCRIPT_DIR"
python script.py

Decision Tree

execute_code_sandbox fails?
├── Yes, with syntax/import errors → Fix code, retry Level 1
├── Yes, with timeout/resource errors → Use Level 2 (run_shell heredoc)
├── Yes, with unknown/unclear errors → Use Level 3 (shell_agent)
└── No, success → Verify output file exists at expected path

Common Failure Scenarios & Solutions

Example: Robust File Generation

# Step 1: Anchor workspace
import os
workspace = os.getcwd()
print(f"Workspace: {workspace}")

# Step 2: Create output directory explicitly
output_path = os.path.join(workspace, "deliverables")
os.makedirs(output_path, exist_ok=True)

# Step 3: Generate content with error handling