使用淘金、溜槽和分级技术进行冲积金回收。涵盖场地解读（地质指标、溪流动态、 富矿带定位）、淘金技术、溜槽箱操作和负责任的开采实践。适用于在已知或疑似 冲积金矿床地区探矿、采样溪流以测试含金量、在休闲淘金中最大化回收率，或在 投入更多精力之前评估场地的含金潜力。
使用淘金、溜槽和分级技术从溪流沉积物中回收冲积金。
金的比重很大（19.3），会以可预测的方式集中。在挖掘之前先解读水文和地质。
Where Gold Concentrates:
INSIDE BENDS:
Water slows on inside curves of a stream. Heavy materials
(including gold) drop out of suspension here. Sample the
gravel bar on the inside of bends.
BEHIND OBSTRUCTIONS:
Large rocks, fallen trees, and bedrock ledges create
low-pressure zones behind them. Gold settles in these
"shadow" areas.
BEDROCK CRACKS:
Gold works its way into cracks and crevices in bedrock.
Cleaning out bedrock cracks (crevicing) can be very productive.
PAYSTREAKS:
The heaviest concentration follows a line (paystreak) along
the inside of the bend, continuing from one inside bend to the
next. Experienced prospectors trace this line.
WHERE TO SAMPLE:
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Feature | Sample Location |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Inside bend | 1-2 feet above waterline in gravel bar |
| Behind boulder | Downstream side, in the calm pocket |
| Bedrock exposure | In cracks and depressions |
| Stream confluence | Where tributary meets main stream |
| Old flood channels | Elevated terraces above current stream |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
Geological Indicators:
- Black sand (magnetite/hematite): gold's travel companion.
Where black sand concentrates, check for gold.
- Quartz veins in surrounding rock: gold often forms in
quartz veins; erosion releases it into streams
- Iron staining (rust-colored rock): indicates oxidation zone,
which can host gold deposits
预期结果： 根据溪流动态和地质指标确定了 2-3 个有希望的采样地点。
失败处理： 如果没有明显的指标可见，系统地在多个位置采样——从每个不同特征（内弯、障碍物后方、随机砂砾滩）取一盘。即使一个色点（金片）也能确认溪流含金。
准备用于淘洗的原始材料。
Collection Protocol:
1. Fill a bucket from your chosen sample location
2. Dig to bedrock if possible — gold concentrates on or near bedrock
3. If bedrock is deep, sample the bottom 6-12 inches of gravel
(gold migrates downward through gravel over time)
Classification:
1. Place a 1/4 inch classifier over your gold pan or bucket
2. Shovel material onto the classifier
3. Shake and wash through — fine material drops into the pan,
large rocks and gravel remain on top
4. Inspect oversized material briefly (nuggets can be caught
by the classifier) then discard
5. Classified material is now ready for panning
预期结果： 一盘或一桶分级后的材料（小于 1/4 英寸的砂砾），来源于地质上有希望的位置。
失败处理： 如果无法到达基岩，采样可获取的材料。浅层样本含金可能性较低，但仍值得测试——洪水事件可以在不同深度沉积金子。
淘金盘利用重力和水将金子从较轻的材料中分离出来。
Panning Technique:
INITIAL WASH:
1. Submerge the pan in water (stream, bucket, or tub)
2. Break up any clay or cemented material with your fingers
3. Remove large stones by hand (inspect each for attached gold)
STRATIFICATION:
4. Shake the pan vigorously side to side (NOT circular) while
submerged — this settles heavy material to the bottom
5. Tilt the pan slightly and allow lighter material to wash off
the front lip
6. Shake, tilt, wash. Shake, tilt, wash. Repeat.
FINE PANNING:
7. As material reduces, you should see black sand concentrating
8. Reduce water flow — gentle swirling now, not vigorous shaking
9. Tilt the pan at a shallow angle and let a thin sheet of water
wash across the concentrate
10. Gold (bright yellow, stays at the bottom) separates from
black sand (dark, slightly lighter)
RECOVERY:
11. Use a snuffer bottle to suck up individual flakes/pieces
12. Or carefully pour off water and collect the concentrate
13. Transfer gold to a vial with water for storage
Common Errors:
- Circular motion washes gold OVER the riffles and out of the pan.
Use side-to-side shaking for stratification.
- Too aggressive: panning too fast loses fine gold. Be patient.
- Not enough initial shaking: gold must sink to the bottom before
you start washing off material.
预期结果： 所有重质材料（金、黑砂、石榴石）集中在淘金盘底部。金子以明亮的黄色薄片、扁平颗粒或（罕见的）小金块形式可见。
失败处理： 如果仔细淘洗后没有金子可见，该位置可能不含金——或者金子可能太细而无法看到（面粉金）。用放大镜检查。如果仍然没有，移至不同的采样地点。
用于处理更大量的材料。
Sluice Box Operation:
1. Set the sluice in running water at a slight angle (about
1 inch of drop per foot of length)
2. Water should flow smoothly over the riffles — enough to move
sand but not enough to flush the riffles clean
3. Feed classified material into the top of the sluice gradually
4. Let the sluice work — gold is trapped behind the riffles,
lighter material washes through
5. Clean the sluice every 20-30 minutes:
- Remove the sluice from the water carefully
- Wash the riffle mat into a bucket or gold pan
- Pan the concentrate to recover gold
Sluice Calibration:
- Too much water: gold bounces over riffles and is lost
- Too little water: material builds up and buries the gold
- Test with a lead split shot: drop it in the top of the sluice.
If it is caught by the riffles, gold will be too.
预期结果： 更大量的处理，金子集中在挡板垫中，通过最终淘洗回收。
失败处理： 如果溜槽未能捕获测试材料（铅丸），调整角度或水流。溜槽应该能捕获所有比石英砂重的物质。
mineral-identification — 了解岩石和矿物类型有助于解读指向含金区域的地质指标