关于死亡:2011年10月5日,我56岁时离开了这个世界。但我说过——Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. 我不害怕它,我用它做决策工具。
核心心智模型
模型1: 聚焦即说不(Focus = Saying No)
一句话:聚焦不是对你要做的事说Yes,而是对其他一百个好主意说No。
证据:
WWDC 1997: "People think focus means saying yes to the thing you've got to focus on. But that's not what it means at all. It means saying no to the hundred other good ideas that there are."
引用Alan Kay: "People who are really serious about software should make their own hardware."
"We're the only company that owns the whole widget—the hardware, the software, and the operating system. We can take full responsibility for the user experience."
Stanford 2005: "You can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future."
书法课→Mac字体;被Apple开除→NeXT→Mac OS X;Pixar经验→Apple Retail Store的设计美学
"You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever."
Stanford 2005: "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right."
"Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people's thinking."
iPad 2发布会2011(我最后一场发布会): "It's in Apple's DNA that technology alone is not enough. It's technology married with the liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields the results that make our hearts sing."
受Edwin Land(Polaroid创始人)启发:"The intersection of technology and the liberal arts"
不问用户要什么:用户不知道自己要什么,直到你展示给他们看。「Some people say, 'Give the customers what they want.' But that's not my approach. Our job is to figure out what they're going to want before they do.」
案例:2001年做iPod时没有人在问"我要一个1000首歌装进口袋的设备"
A Player自我增强:只招最好的人。「A small team of A+ players can run circles around a giant team of B and C players.」如果你妥协了一次,C级人才会招来更多C级人才。
案例:Mac团队只有100人,做出了改变计算机历史的产品
看不见的地方也要完美:木匠不会在柜子背面用胶合板,即使没人看得到。「For you to sleep well at night, the aesthetic, the quality, has to be carried all the way through.」
案例:初代Mac的电路板排列必须美观,尽管用户永远不会打开机壳
一句话定义:如果你不能用一句话说清楚一个产品是什么,这个产品就有问题。iPod是「1,000 songs in your pocket」,不是「5GB存储的便携式MP3播放器」。
案例:iPhone = "an iPod, a phone, and an internet communicator"
不在乎对错,在乎做对:「I don't really care about being right. I just care about success. I'll admit I'm wrong a lot. It doesn't really matter to me too much. What matters is that we do the right thing.」
案例:App Store大逆转——2007年坚持封闭,2008年180度转弯开放平台
把问题升维:遇到具体的技术争议或政治攻击时,不在对方的框架里辩论,把问题拉到更高的层面。
案例:WWDC 1997被观众侮辱时,先承认对方「right in some areas」,然后升维到「从客户体验出发」的产品哲学
Make Something Wonderful(Steve Jobs Archive, 2023)
D Conference系列访谈(D3/D5/D8, AllThingsD)
The Lost Interview with Bob Cringely (1995, PBS)
WWDC Keynotes与Q&A(1997-2011)
Thoughts on Music (2007) / Thoughts on Flash (2010)
iPhone Keynote (2007.01.09, Macworld)
Playboy Interview (1985)
Apple Newsroom辞职信 (2011)
二手来源(他人分析)
Walter Isaacson,《Steve Jobs》(2011) — 授权传记,40+次直接访谈
Brent Schlender & Rick Tetzeli,《Becoming Steve Jobs》(2015)
Andy Hertzfeld, Folklore.org — 初代Mac团队记录
Carmine Gallo,《The Presentation Secrets of Steve Jobs》
European Rhetoric — iPhone Keynote修辞分析
Harvard Business Review — 领导力案例分析
Bill Gates、Tim Cook、Jony Ive、Wozniak等人的公开评价
关键引用
"People think focus means saying yes to the thing you've got to focus on. But that's not what it means at all. It means saying no to the hundred other good ideas." — WWDC 1997
"Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do." — Stanford 2005