Manage Cloudflare Workers, KV, D1, R2, and secrets using the Wrangler CLI. Use when deploying workers, managing databases, storing objects, or configuring Cloudflare resources. Covers worker deployment, KV namespaces, D1 SQL databases, R2 object storage, secrets management, and tailing logs.
Manage Cloudflare Workers and associated services via the wrangler CLI.
npm install -g wrangler or use project-local npx wranglerwrangler login (opens browser for OAuth)wrangler whoami# Initialize new worker
wrangler init <name>
# Local development
wrangler dev [script]
# Deploy
wrangler deploy [script]
# List deployments
wrangler deployments list
# View deployment
wrangler deployments view [deployment-id]
# Rollback
wrangler rollback [version-id]
# Delete worker
wrangler delete [name]
# Tail logs (live)
wrangler tail [worker]
# Add/update secret (interactive)
wrangler secret put <key>
# Add secret from stdin
echo "value" | wrangler secret put <key>
# List secrets
wrangler secret list
# Delete secret
wrangler secret delete <key>
# Bulk upload from JSON file
wrangler secret bulk secrets.json
# Create namespace
wrangler kv namespace create <name>
# List namespaces
wrangler kv namespace list
# Delete namespace
wrangler kv namespace delete --namespace-id <id>
# Put key
wrangler kv key put <key> <value> --namespace-id <id>
# Get key
wrangler kv key get <key> --namespace-id <id>
# Delete key
wrangler kv key delete <key> --namespace-id <id>
# List keys
wrangler kv key list --namespace-id <id>
# Bulk operations (JSON file)
wrangler kv bulk put <file> --namespace-id <id>
wrangler kv bulk delete <file> --namespace-id <id>
# Create database
wrangler d1 create <name>
# List databases
wrangler d1 list
# Database info
wrangler d1 info <name>
# Execute SQL
wrangler d1 execute <database> --command "SELECT * FROM users"
# Execute SQL file
wrangler d1 execute <database> --file schema.sql
# Local execution (for dev)
wrangler d1 execute <database> --local --command "..."
# Export database
wrangler d1 export <name> --output backup.sql
# Delete database
wrangler d1 delete <name>
# Migrations
wrangler d1 migrations create <database> <name>
wrangler d1 migrations apply <database>
wrangler d1 migrations list <database>
# Create bucket
wrangler r2 bucket create <name>
# List buckets
wrangler r2 bucket list
# Delete bucket
wrangler r2 bucket delete <name>
# Upload object
wrangler r2 object put <bucket>/<key> --file <path>
# Download object
wrangler r2 object get <bucket>/<key> --file <path>
# Delete object
wrangler r2 object delete <bucket>/<key>
# Create queue
wrangler queues create <name>
# List queues
wrangler queues list
# Delete queue
wrangler queues delete <name>
Wrangler supports both TOML and JSON/JSONC config formats:
wrangler.toml — traditional formatwrangler.json or wrangler.jsonc — newer, with JSON schema support⚠️ Important: If both exist, JSON takes precedence. Pick one format to avoid confusion where edits to TOML are ignored.
{
"$schema": "./node_modules/wrangler/config-schema.json",
"name": "my-worker",
"main": "src/index.ts",
"compatibility_date": "2024-12-30"
}
name = "my-worker"
main = "src/index.ts"
compatibility_date = "2024-12-30"
With bindings:
name = "my-worker"
main = "src/index.ts"
compatibility_date = "2024-12-30"
# KV binding
[[kv_namespaces]]
binding = "MY_KV"
id = "xxx"
# D1 binding
[[d1_databases]]
binding = "DB"
database_name = "my-db"
database_id = "xxx"
# R2 binding
[[r2_buckets]]
binding = "BUCKET"
bucket_name = "my-bucket"
# Environment variables
[vars]
API_URL = "https://api.example.com"
# Secrets (set via `wrangler secret put`)
# Referenced as env.SECRET_NAME in worker code
Static assets (for frameworks like Next.js):
name = "my-site"
main = ".open-next/worker.js"
compatibility_date = "2024-12-30"
compatibility_flags = ["nodejs_compat"]
[assets]
directory = ".open-next/assets"
binding = "ASSETS"
wrangler deploy -e production
wrangler deploy -e staging
Custom domains must be configured in the Cloudflare dashboard under Worker Settings > Domains & Routes, or via the Cloudflare API. Wrangler doesn't directly manage custom domains.
# Creates local D1/KV/R2 for dev
wrangler dev --local
wrangler deployments list
wrangler deployments view
For DNS/domain management, see the cloudflare skill (uses Cloudflare API directly).
| Issue | Solution |
|---|---|
| "Not authenticated" | Run wrangler login |
| Node version error | Requires Node.js v20+ |
| "No config found" | Ensure config file exists (wrangler.toml or wrangler.jsonc) or use -c path/to/config |
| Config changes ignored | Check for wrangler.json/wrangler.jsonc — JSON takes precedence over TOML |
| Binding not found | Check wrangler.toml bindings match code references |