Rewrite or review Chinese academic prose in a natural Chinese economics and management journal style. Use when revising theory-driven or empirical manuscripts, abstracts, introductions, theory sections, research design sections, mechanism sections, robustness sections, or conclusions; when the user asks to fix 帽子段, paragraph transitions, chapter or section openings and closings, paragraph-internal 铺垫 and 落点; or when generic humanizing is not enough and the text must read like a Chinese journal article rather than AI-generated prose.
Edit Chinese academic writing so it reads like a polished economics or management journal manuscript, not a direct translation of English academic prose and not a generic AI rewrite.
Prioritize structure before wording:
For manuscript drafting, do not jump directly to full freewriting. Treat chapters as fixed containers and complete them in staged order.
This skill governs the rhetorical discipline of the prose itself. If the task is chapter-by-chapter assembly, pair this skill with paper-assembly-protocol. If the task is literature review construction, pair this skill with empirical-literature-builder.
研究线索, 第一类文献, 第二类文献, or 第三类文献.empirical as 实证上, 实证层面, or 实证部分 depending on context. Do not default to 经验上 when the meaning is empirical analysis.regime -> 区间, 状态区间, or 组织区间; theory-driven empirical paper -> 理论驱动的实证研究.paragraph套路 or sentence身份/义务, do not turn those plans into prose. Keep the output at the planning layer, even if a prose draft seems easy to produce..tex manuscript as review-visible content rather than silently advancing to prose.old before new: sentence openings should connect to what the reader already knows from the previous sentence or previous paragraph, then move to the new information.并 / 同时 / 而, or multiple comma-separated tasks, rewrite it into shorter main-clause sentences.Use The Craft of Research as the upper-level control rule for sentence movement.
At the chapter opening, section opening, paragraph opening, or local argument turn, test whether the prose completes the following sequence when the context requires it:
context: give the reader the location of the discussionproblem: show what is missing, conflicting, difficult, or unresolvedresponse: state what this paper, this section, or this paragraph will do nextThis does not mean every paragraph must mechanically contain all three. It means the local passage must not leave the reader without orientation, problem pressure, or response direction.
When a sentence cluster is making an analytical claim, test whether the local argument eventually completes:
claim: what is being asserted herereason: why this claim is plausible in the paper's logicevidence: what literature fact, institutional fact, data fact, or model result supports itwarrant: why this evidence is relevant to that claim in this contextDo not assume the warrant is obvious. In Chinese journal prose, the warrant is often carried by a transition sentence, a narrowing sentence, or a landing sentence.
Use the following sentence-role inventory. A sentence can have a dominant role and a secondary role, but never pile up unrelated tasks.
权威启动句
Obligation: borrow externally recognized authority to secure the legitimacy of the discussion opening, such as policy text, institutional change, stylized fact, or high-confidence literature consensus.
Constraint: authority must be relevant to the chapter task, not decorative.
背景定位句
Obligation: tell the reader where the discussion is located and why this domain matters for the paper's object.
Constraint: background is not a slogan zone. It must narrow, not sprawl.
问题提出句
Obligation: identify the unresolved tension, inconsistency, omission, or difficulty that makes the next sentences necessary.
Constraint: the problem must be concrete enough to generate a response.
观点句
Obligation: give the paragraph's main point or the section's local conclusion.
Constraint: do not bury it; do not make it verbally soft when the paragraph actually depends on it.
承接句
Obligation: connect the new sentence or paragraph to the already established context.
Constraint: it must carry forward a real old point, not just insert a habitual connector.
展开句
Obligation: unpack the mechanism, distinction, or internal logic of the观点句.
Constraint: each展开句 should advance one step, not reopen the whole paragraph.
例证句
Obligation: provide a representative literature example, institutional fact, measurement fact, or model implication.
Constraint: examples must support an already stated point; they should not substitute for the point.
warrant句 or 解释关联句
Obligation: explain why the cited evidence or described mechanism is relevant to the point being argued.
Constraint: if the reader could ask “这能说明什么”, the warrant is missing.
收束句
Obligation: close the paragraph by extracting the local conclusion.
Constraint: do not end with an empty significance sentence.
过渡句
Obligation: hand off one unresolved aspect, one narrower question, or one next analytical step to the following paragraph or section.
Constraint: transition must emerge from the current paragraph's landing, not be bolted on.
For literature-review sections, paragraph openings should normally answer "现在讨论的对象是什么" before answering "这类文献叫什么".
Preferred opening moves:
Disallowed default openings unless the user explicitly asks for them:
现有文献可分为三类第一类文献 / 第二类文献 / 第三类文献围绕这一问题形成了三条研究线索Fixed paragraph identities that should usually be declared separately in review planning:
For each fixed paragraph identity, also fix a sentence-role sequence such as S1-S5 before drafting prose.
Unified planning-layer template:
Do not change the field order across paragraphs within the same manuscript.
For article drafting or restructuring, use this sequence unless the user overrides it:
The key claim is that section types are relatively fixed. Quality mainly comes from the internal arrangement of paragraphs and sentences, not from improvising whole chapters at once.
Inspect the text in this order:
Do not start with wordsmithing. Start by locating where the structure breaks.
Before structural editing, check whether the passage contains literature-positioning or novelty claims. If it does, verify whether those claims are supported by a curated literature base. If not, mark them as provisional or remove them from the manuscript draft.
Before writing paragraphs, identify the fixed role of each chapter or section.
For a typical economics or management empirical paper, first decide:
Do not draft middle paragraphs before this container-level role is fixed.
For each chapter or section, write the opening and closing paragraphs before drafting the middle.
Opening paragraph usually has a fixed job:
Closing paragraph usually has a fixed job:
These two paragraph types are relatively stable and should not be improvised each time.
Before surface drafting, first map the sentence obligations inside these opening and closing paragraphs.
When a reference paper is available, do not merely imitate wording. Extract paragraph organization patterns.
Typical reusable套路 usually include only a limited number of types, for example:
For each reference paragraph, identify:
context -> problem -> responseclaim -> reason -> evidence -> warrantAfter opening and closing paragraphs are fixed, do not let the middle paragraphs all use the same pattern.
Treat the remaining paragraphs as a distribution problem:
The goal is not novelty for its own sake. The goal is to reduce reader fatigue while keeping the logic easy to track.
Before writing a paragraph, first assign sentence roles.
A paragraph usually needs some of these sentence functions:
Not every paragraph needs all six, but each sentence must have a job. Do not allow stacked sentences that perform multiple unrelated functions at once.
For each paragraph plan, also check:
old before newWhen a designated Chinese reference paper exists, do not stop at paragraph logic. Also control the micro-level wording.
Use this sequence:
Pay special attention to:
进一步分析发现 and 显著促进提高效率, 推动创新, 打破惯例, 开展行动, 利用数据If a target passage uses verbs like 收束, 压缩, 固定, 拉回, 写成, 锚定, 统摄 in the manuscript body, check whether these are writer-side control words rather than article-side analysis words. Replace them unless they are unavoidable.
Check whether each paragraph has a reason to come after the previous one.
Treat each paragraph as a mini-argument.
Delete or compress material that does not belong in the manuscript main line.
具有重要意义 and 提供有益启示 unless followed by a concrete claimAfter structural repair, remove common AI tells:
重塑, 赋能, 深化, 激发 used without a concrete object不是……而是…… used mechanically一方面/另一方面 with no real contrast这意味着, 由此可见, 需要指出的是 when not needed更为关键, 尤为重要, 具有深远影响 with no analytic payoffPrefer a conservative verb inventory when the reference paper supports it.
Examples of relatively safe verbs:
考察, 分析, 发现, 利用, 提高, 促进, 推动, 识别, 衡量, 表明, 说明, 探讨, 开展, 优化
Use more abstract research verbs such as 界定, 刻画, 推导, 构建, 收束 only when the passage is genuinely methodological or theoretical and the wording does not pull the manuscript out of Chinese journal register.
Use connectors to make the logic visible, not decorative:
基于此, 进一步, 进一步地, 同时, 例如, 然而, 因此, 进而, 具体地
Do not force every paragraph to use the same connector. Vary only when the logic changes.
When rewriting:
帽子段缺位, 段间跳跃, 句子堆叠, 术语不统一, 动词失真, 副词过满, 义务缺位, 落点缺位When the user asks for direct editing, perform the edit rather than only describing it, but still respect the staged workflow unless the user explicitly requests full prose immediately.
references/hat-and-transition-templates.md.references/term-and-deletion-rules.md.references/literature-authority-and-process.md.references/verb-adverb-discipline.md.references/verb-library.md, references/noun-library.md, references/adverb-library.md, and references/collocation-library.md.