Pie Blueprint Engine

Output formats: SVG (primary, web-renderable) and DXF (CAD import via svg2dxf).

When to use this skill:

• User has verified engineering calculations (from fluid-systems, power-systems, or thermal-engineering)
• User needs a deliverable drawing rather than numerical results
• User needs to communicate design intent to contractors or stakeholders

Mandatory in every drawing:

ENGINEERING DISCLAIMER
This output was generated by an AI assistant and has NOT been reviewed
by a licensed Professional Engineer (PE). All calculations, drawings,
and specifications must be verified by a qualified professional before
use in any construction, installation, or operational context. Local
building codes, electrical codes, and plumbing codes may impose
requirements not captured in this output. The user assumes all
responsibility for verification and compliance.

ENGINEERING DISCLAIMER: All drawings generated by this skill must be verified by a licensed Professional Engineer (PE) before use in construction, installation, or operational contexts. This disclaimer is non-removable and applies to all output formats.

Quick routing:

• P&ID generation? See P&ID Generation
• Single-line diagram? See SLD Generation
• Equipment layout? See Floor Plan Overlay
• Pipe routing in 3D view? See Isometric Drawing
• Paper size and scale? See Scale Management
• Full SVG/DXF pipeline details? See Deep Tier sections

Drawing Generation Pipeline

All drawing types share a six-step SVG generation pipeline:

Step 1: Layout Grid Set up a coordinate system based on paper size and scale:

Paper: A1 (841x594mm at 1:50 scale -> drawing area covers 42m x 29.7m real-world)
Grid: 10mm base grid for component snapping
Margins: 20mm all sides, 50mm bottom for title block
Origin: Top-left at (20, 20)mm

Standard paper sizes:

• A3: 420x297mm -- Small systems, detail drawings
• A1: 841x594mm -- Standard engineering drawings
• D: 864x559mm -- US D-size (ANSI D)
• E: 1118x864mm -- Large systems, overall layouts

Standard scales: 1:20, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200, 1:500, NTS (not to scale)

Step 2: Component Placement Place symbols from the symbol library at specified coordinates:

// Reference the ISA-5.1 library (from references/symbols/symbols-pid.ts)
// or IEEE library (from references/symbols/symbols-electrical.ts)
import { PID_SYMBOLS } from './references/symbols/symbols-pid.js';
import { ELEC_SYMBOLS } from './references/symbols/symbols-electrical.js';

const symbol = PID_SYMBOLS['centrifugal-pump'];
// Place at grid coordinate with optional rotation
const placed = placeSymbol(symbol, { x: 150, y: 200 }, { rotation: 0 });

Step 3: Connection Routing Route pipes and wires between components with automatic bend detection:

• Pipes: Horizontal/vertical runs with 90-degree bends. No diagonal runs on P&IDs.
• Wires: Same orthogonal routing. Use junction dots at T-connections.
• Line weights: Process pipe (2px), instrument lines (1px), electrical (1.5px)
• Line styles: Process (solid), instrument (dashed), electrical (dot-dash per ISA)

Step 4: Dimensions and Annotations

• Pipe sizes along each run: 3" SCH 40 CS (3-inch Schedule 40 carbon steel)
• Equipment labels: Tag numbers above symbols (P-101, HX-201, T-301)
• Instrument balloons: Circle with tag number, line to instrument connection
• Flow arrows: Filled triangles on process lines indicating flow direction

Step 5: Title Block Generation

import { TitleBlock } from '../../types/infrastructure.js';

const titleBlock: TitleBlock = {
  projectName: 'Data Center Cooling System',
  drawingNumber: 'P&ID-001',
  revision: 'Rev. A',
  date: '2026-02-27',              // ISO 8601
  drawnBy: 'Claude (AI-Assisted)',
  checkedBy: 'VERIFY WITH LICENSED PE',  // ALWAYS this value -- non-configurable
  scale: '1:50',                    // or "NTS"
  sheet: '1 of 3',
};

Title block occupies bottom 50mm of drawing. PE disclaimer printed in title block as non-removable text element.

Step 6: SVG Output

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
     width="841mm" height="594mm"
     viewBox="0 0 841 594">
  <!-- Drawing content: components, connections, dimensions -->
  <!-- Title block with PE disclaimer -->
  <text class="disclaimer" x="20" y="560">
    NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION -- Verify with Licensed PE before use
  </text>
</svg>

For DXF output: Use svg2dxf library or generate DXF directly using the DXF R12/2000 ENTITIES section format. Include all layers: PROCESS, INSTRUMENT, ELECTRICAL, DIMENSIONS, TITLE_BLOCK, DISCLAIMER.

P&ID Generation (BLUPR-01, BLUPR-07)

P&IDs follow ISA-5.1 conventions. Load symbol library from references/symbols/symbols-pid.ts.

Required elements:

1. Process equipment (pumps, heat exchangers, tanks, vessels) with ISA tag numbers
2. All process piping with pipe class notation (size, schedule, material)
3. All instrumentation with balloon notation (TI-101, PI-201, FIC-301)
4. Control loops connecting field instruments to controllers
5. Valve manifolds with type (gate, globe, ball, butterfly, check, relief)
6. Line types: Process (solid heavy), instrument signal (dashed), electrical (dot-dash)

Tag numbering convention:

• P-XXX: Pumps
• HX-XXX: Heat exchangers
• T-XXX: Tanks and vessels
• V-XXX: Valves
• TI/TT/TC-XXX: Temperature instruments (Indicator/Transmitter/Controller)
• PI/PT/PC-XXX: Pressure instruments
• FI/FT/FC-XXX: Flow instruments
• LI/LT/LC-XXX: Level instruments

Data center cooling P&ID example elements:

• CDU (Cooling Distribution Unit) as heat exchanger HX-101
• Facility water supply/return lines (process lines, heavy solid)
• Server rack coolant loop (secondary circuit, dashed to indicate closed loop)
• Supply/return temperature instruments TI-101, TI-102
• Differential pressure gauge DPI-101 across CDU
• Isolation valves V-101 through V-104 (ball valves)
• Strainer STR-101 on supply line
• Check valve CV-101 on pump discharge

SLD Generation (BLUPR-02, BLUPR-08)

Single-line diagrams (SLDs) follow IEEE standard conventions. Load symbol library from references/symbols/symbols-electrical.ts.

Required elements:

1. Utility service entry point (top of diagram)
2. Main service disconnect and overcurrent protection
3. Bus topology: Main bus -> sub-panels -> load circuits
4. All protective devices (breakers, fuses) with amperage rating
5. Transformers with primary/secondary voltage and kVA rating
6. Loads with phase assignment and connected load in kVA/kW
7. Grounding symbols at each service point

SLD layout convention:

• Power flows top-to-bottom (utility -> distribution -> loads)
• Voltage levels decrease left-to-right (highest voltage on left)
• Bus bars as horizontal lines; feeders as vertical lines
• Protection devices (breakers/fuses) on vertical feeders before branch points

Data center SLD example structure:

Utility Service (480V 3-Phase 4W)
    |
Main Switchgear (480V, 2000A MCB)
    |
480V Main Bus
    |-------------------------------|
    |                               |
UPS Input Feeder (480V, 400A)     MDP Feeder (480V, 600A)
    |                               |
UPS (480V/208V, 300kVA)           MDP-A (480V)
    |                               |
208V/120V Distribution Bus        PDU-A1 (208V, 100kVA)
    |-------------|                 |
    |             |                 IT Loads (208V, ~80kW)
Panel-A         Panel-B
(lighting)      (receptacles)

Floor Plan Overlay (BLUPR-03)

Floor plans show equipment physical layout in plan view (top-down).

Conventions:

• Scale reference bar in drawing (not just title block scale notation)
• North arrow in upper-right corner
• Equipment shown to scale with footprint dimensions
• Clearance requirements shown as dashed offset from equipment boundary
• Access corridors minimum 900mm (36") clear
• Cable tray/conduit routing on ceiling grid shown as dashed lines
• Emergency exit paths shown with directional arrows

Data center floor plan elements:

• Server rack rows with hot-aisle/cold-aisle designation
• CRAC/CRAH unit locations
• CDU location with service clearance
• Raised floor tiles with open perforated tiles marked
• Overhead cable tray routing
• UPS battery room with fire suppression boundary
• Generator (if exterior) with fuel line routing

Coordinate system: Origin at lower-left structural column. All dimensions in millimeters. Grid on structural module (typically 600mm or 1200mm).

Isometric Drawing (BLUPR-04)

Isometric drawings show 3D pipe routing on a 2D plane.

Projection math:

• X-axis (East): 30 degrees above horizontal, right
• Y-axis (North): 30 degrees above horizontal, left
• Z-axis (Up): vertical
• Scale: All three axes use same scale length per unit distance

Isometric grid point calculation:
  Screen x = (real_x - real_y) * cos(30) * scale
  Screen y = (real_z * scale) - (real_x + real_y) * sin(30) * scale
  Where: cos(30) = 0.866, sin(30) = 0.5

Required elements:

• All pipe runs with line weight proportional to pipe size
• Fittings (elbows, tees, reducers) at each direction change
• Valves with type identification
• Pipe dimensions along each run: length, nominal size, material
• Elevation callouts at high/low points and each floor penetration
• Support locations marked with triangle symbol
• North orientation arrow (isometric north convention)
• Flow direction arrows on main process lines

Piping isometric conventions:

• Vertical pipes: drawn as vertical lines
• Horizontal pipes running E/W: drawn at 30 degrees going right
• Horizontal pipes running N/S: drawn at 30 degrees going left
• Elevation changes: vertical line segment with elevation annotation

Scale Management

Scale selection based on system size and drawing purpose:

Scale annotation: Written as ratio ("1:50") in title block and as graphic scale bar on floor plans and isometrics. P&IDs and SLDs use "NTS" (not to scale) -- they are schematic, not dimensional.

Deep Tier (loaded on demand for complex drawing scenarios)

Advanced SVG Techniques

SVG symbol definition for reuse:

<defs>
  <symbol id="centrifugal-pump" viewBox="0 0 40 40">
    <!-- Circle body -->
    <circle cx="20" cy="20" r="15" fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="2"/>
    <!-- Impeller blades (simplified) -->
    <line x1="20" y1="5" x2="20" y2="35" stroke="black" stroke-width="1.5"/>
    <line x1="5" y1="20" x2="35" y2="20" stroke="black" stroke-width="1.5"/>
    <!-- Suction/discharge nozzles -->
    <line x1="0" y1="20" x2="5" y2="20" stroke="black" stroke-width="2"/>
    <line x1="20" y1="0" x2="20" y2="5" stroke="black" stroke-width="2"/>
  </symbol>
</defs>
<!-- Place it: -->
<use href="#centrifugal-pump" x="100" y="200" width="40" height="40"/>

Connection routing algorithm: For orthogonal pipe routing between two points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2):

1. If delta-x > delta-y: route horizontal first, then vertical (L-shape)
2. If delta-y > delta-x: route vertical first, then horizontal
3. If points share x or y coordinate: direct line
4. For complex layouts: use intermediate waypoints to avoid equipment conflicts
5. Mark T-junction with filled circle (3px radius) where pipes cross a connected run

DXF R2000 generation pattern:

0
SECTION
2
ENTITIES
0
LINE
8       (layer name)
PROCESS_PIPE
10      (X start)
100.0
20      (Y start)
200.0
30      (Z start, usually 0)
0.0
11      (X end)
250.0
21      (Y end)
200.0
31      (Z end)
0.0
0
ENDSEC
0
EOF

Layers for DXF export:

• PROCESS_PIPE: Heavy solid lines for process piping
• INSTRUMENT_LINE: Dashed lines for instrument signals
• ELECTRICAL: Dot-dash lines for electrical
• EQUIPMENT: Equipment outlines
• DIMENSIONS: Dimension lines and text
• TITLE_BLOCK: Title block content
• DISCLAIMER: PE disclaimer text (separate layer, always on, cannot be frozen in delivered files)

Multi-Sheet Drawing Sets

For complex systems, generate a drawing set with consistent numbering:

Drawing Set Structure:
  PROJ-P&ID-001: Overall P&ID - System Overview
  PROJ-P&ID-002: P&ID - Cooling Water System
  PROJ-P&ID-003: P&ID - Chilled Water Distribution
  PROJ-SLD-001: SLD - Main Power Distribution
  PROJ-SLD-002: SLD - UPS and PDU Details
  PROJ-FP-001: Floor Plan - Overall Equipment Layout
  PROJ-ISO-001: Isometric - Cooling Water Piping
  PROJ-ISO-002: Isometric - Chilled Water Piping

Sheet index in each drawing's title block: "Sheet X of Y" Revision control: All sheets in a set share the same revision level on release.

Annotation Standards

Dimension lines:

• Extension lines: 2mm gap from object, extend 3mm past dimension line
• Arrowheads: Filled 45-degree tick marks (slash style), 3mm long
• Text: Centered above dimension line, same font as drawing (typically Arial or similar sans-serif)
• Units: Millimeters for dimensions under 10m; meters for larger. Always label the unit.

Equipment callout balloons:

• Circle diameter: 12mm for single-letter prefix, 16mm for two-letter prefix
• Tag number inside circle
• Leader line to equipment connection point
• Reference callout for off-sheet items: hexagon shape with cross-reference drawing number

Notes and legends:

• General notes in upper-left of drawing (after title block)
• Legend box showing line types and symbols used
• Revision history table in title block (Rev, Date, Description, By, Checked)

DrawingSpec and BlueprintPackage Integration

All generated drawings produce DrawingSpec objects that assemble into a BlueprintPackage:

import { DrawingSpec, TitleBlock, BlueprintPackage } from '../../types/infrastructure.js';

// Each drawing type produces a DrawingSpec
const pidDrawing: DrawingSpec = {
  type: 'P&ID',
  format: 'svg',
  scale: 'NTS',
  revisionNumber: 1,
  titleBlock: {
    projectName: 'Data Center Cooling',
    drawingNumber: 'DC-P&ID-001',
    revision: 'Rev. A',
    date: new Date().toISOString().split('T')[0],
    drawnBy: 'Claude (AI-Assisted)',
    checkedBy: 'VERIFY WITH LICENSED PE',  // mandatory, non-configurable
    scale: 'NTS',
    sheet: '1 of 4',
  },
  content: '<svg>...</svg>',  // Full SVG content
};

// Package all drawings together
const blueprintPackage: BlueprintPackage = {
  drawings: [pidDrawing, sldDrawing, floorPlanDrawing, isoDrawing],
  calculations: calculationRecords,
  bom: billOfMaterials,
  safetyReview: safetyResult,
};

Skill: pie-blueprint-engine v1.0.0 Domain: physical-infrastructure Safety: mandatory-pe-disclaimer