You Might Not Need A Callback

1. useCallback on functions not passed as props or deps: If the function is only called within the same component and isn't in any dependency array, useCallback adds overhead for no benefit. Just declare the function normally.
2. useCallback with exhaustive deps that change every render: If the dependency array includes values that change on every render, useCallback recalculates every time. The memoization is wasted. Either stabilize the deps (use refs) or remove the useCallback.
3. useCallback on event handlers passed to native elements: <button onClick={handleClick}> — native elements don't benefit from stable references. Only child components wrapped in React.memo do.
4. useCallback wrapping a function that creates new objects/arrays: If the callback returns { ...newObj } or [...newArr], memoizing the callback doesn't prevent the child from re-rendering due to new return values. The memoization is at the wrong level.
5. useCallback with an empty dep array when deps are needed: Stale closures — the callback captures outdated values. Either add proper deps or use refs for values that shouldn't trigger re-creation.
6. Pairing useCallback with React.memo unnecessarily: If the child component is cheap to render, neither useCallback nor React.memo adds value. Only optimize when you've measured a performance problem.
7. useCallback in custom hooks that don't need stable references: Not every hook return needs to be memoized. Only stabilize callbacks when consumers depend on referential equality.

Codebase-specific notes

This codebase uses a ref pattern for stable callbacks in hooks:

const idRef = useRef(id)
useEffect(() => { idRef.current = id }, [id])
const fetchData = useCallback(async () => {
  // use idRef.current instead of id
}, []) // empty deps because refs are used

This pattern is correct — don't flag it as an anti-pattern.

Steps

1. Read the reference above
2. Analyze the specified scope for the anti-patterns listed above
3. If fix=true, apply the fixes. If fix=false, propose the fixes without applying.