Odoo Automated Tests

Example 1: TransactionCase Unit Test (Odoo 15+ pattern)

# tests/test_hospital_patient.py
from odoo.tests.common import TransactionCase
from odoo.tests import tagged
from odoo.exceptions import ValidationError

@tagged('post_install', '-at_install')
class TestHospitalPatient(TransactionCase):

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls):
        # Use setUpClass for performance — runs once per class, not per test
        super().setUpClass()
        cls.Patient = cls.env['hospital.patient']
        cls.doctor = cls.env['res.users'].browse(cls.env.uid)

    def test_create_patient(self):
        patient = self.Patient.create({
            'name': 'John Doe',
            'doctor_id': self.doctor.id,
        })
        self.assertEqual(patient.state, 'draft')
        self.assertEqual(patient.name, 'John Doe')

    def test_confirm_patient(self):
        patient = self.Patient.create({'name': 'Jane Smith'})
        patient.action_confirm()
        self.assertEqual(patient.state, 'confirmed')

    def test_empty_name_raises_error(self):
        with self.assertRaises(ValidationError):
            self.Patient.create({'name': ''})

    def test_access_denied_for_other_user(self):
        # Test security rules by running as a different user
        other_user = self.env.ref('base.user_demo')
        with self.assertRaises(Exception):
            self.Patient.with_user(other_user).create({'name': 'Test'})

setUpClass vs setUp: Use setUpClass (Odoo 15+) for shared test data. It runs once per class and is significantly faster than setUp which re-initializes for every single test method.

Example 2: Run Tests via CLI

# Run all tests for a specific module
./odoo-bin --test-enable --stop-after-init -d my_database -u hospital_management

# Run only tests tagged with a specific tag
./odoo-bin --test-enable --stop-after-init -d my_database \
  --test-tags hospital_management

# Run a specific test class
./odoo-bin --test-enable --stop-after-init -d my_database \
  --test-tags /hospital_management:TestHospitalPatient

Example 3: HttpCase for Controller Testing

from odoo.tests.common import HttpCase
from odoo.tests import tagged

@tagged('post_install', '-at_install')
class TestPatientController(HttpCase):

    def test_patient_page_authenticated(self):
        # Authenticate as a user, not with hardcoded password
        self.authenticate(self.env.user.login, self.env.user.login)
        resp = self.url_open('/hospital/patients')
        self.assertEqual(resp.status_code, 200)

    def test_patient_page_redirects_unauthenticated(self):
        # No authenticate() call = public/anonymous user
        resp = self.url_open('/hospital/patients', allow_redirects=False)
        self.assertIn(resp.status_code, [301, 302, 403])

Best Practices

• ✅ Do: Use setUpClass() with cls.env instead of setUp() — it is dramatically faster for large test suites.
• ✅ Do: Use @tagged('post_install', '-at_install') to run tests after all modules are installed.
• ✅ Do: Test both the happy path and error conditions (ValidationError, AccessError, UserError).
• ✅ Do: Use self.with_user(user) to test access control without calling sudo().
• ❌ Don't: Use a production database for tests — always use a dedicated test database.
• ❌ Don't: Rely on test execution order — each TransactionCase test is rolled back in isolation.
• ❌ Don't: Hardcode passwords in HttpCase.authenticate() — use self.env.user.login or a fixture user.

Limitations

• JavaScript tour tests require a running browser (via phantomjs or Chrome headless) and a live Odoo server — not covered in depth here.
• HttpCase tests are significantly slower than TransactionCase — use them only for controller/route verification.
• Does not cover mocking external services (e.g., mocking an SMTP server or payment gateway in tests).
• Test isolation is at the transaction level, not database level — tests that commit data (e.g., via cr.commit()) can leak state between tests.