House Maintenance

Ductwork Inspection

• Frequency: Every 3-5 years
• Signs: Musty odors, uneven temperature, dust around vents
• Cleaning: Professional duct cleaning every 3-5 years
• Sealing: Use mastic sealant for leaks (not duct tape)

Thermostat Programming

• Heating Season: Program lower temps when away/sleeping (68-70°F daytime)
• Cooling Season: Program higher temps when away (76-78°F daytime)
• Savings: ~1% per degree F per 8 hours of adjustment
• Maintenance: Replace batteries annually (spring forward, fall back)

2. Plumbing System Maintenance

Leak Detection

• Regular Inspection: Check under sinks, around water heater, basement corners
• Signs: Water stains, musty smells, higher water bills
• Quick Fix: Tighten compression fittings (don't over-tighten)
• Professional: Call plumber if leak persists

Faucet Maintenance

• Aerator Cleaning: Remove and clean annually (mineral buildup)
• Dripping Faucet: Usually just needs cartridge/washer replacement
• Procedure: Turn off water, remove handle, replace seal/cartridge
• Cost: $10-50 for parts vs. $100+ for professional

Drain Maintenance

• Prevention: Use drain strainers, avoid pouring grease
• Monthly: Pour baking soda + vinegar + hot water (safe, effective)
• Severe Clogs: Use plumbing snake or call professional
• Don't Use: Harsh chemical drain cleaners

Water Heater Care

• Temperature: Set to 120°F for safety and efficiency
• Flushing: Drain 5-10 gallons annually to remove sediment
• Anode Rod: Replace every 3-5 years (prevents rust)
• Lifespan: 10-15 years typical for tank-style

Toilet Maintenance

• Running Toilet: Usually flapper valve - $15-30 repair kit
• Leak Detection: Food coloring in tank (should not appear in bowl)
• Plunger Use: Block overflow hole, use vigorous plunging
• Professional: Call if repeated clogs occur

3. Electrical System Maintenance

Outlet & Switch Inspection

• Safety Check: Test outlets with circuit tester (under $10)
• Spacing: New outlets should be installed every 12 feet max
• Covers: Replace cracked or missing outlet covers
• GFCI: Install in bathrooms, kitchens, outdoor areas

Circuit Breaker Panel

• Annual Check: Look for tripped breakers, signs of overheating
• Temperature: Should feel cool to touch
• Labeling: Keep panel clearly labeled
• Professional: Have electrician inspect if unsure

Wiring Inspection

• Visible Damage: Check for fraying, exposed wires, burn marks
• Update Needs: Aluminum wiring in older homes may need upgrades
• Safety: Any damage = call licensed electrician immediately

4. Roof & Gutter Maintenance

Roof Inspection

• Frequency: Annually, after major storms
• Binoculars: Can spot issues safely from ground level
• Signs: Missing shingles, granules in gutters, dark spots, leaks
• Professional: Have roofer inspect every 3-5 years

Gutter Cleaning

• Frequency: Spring and Fall (or more in wooded areas)
• Procedure: Remove debris by hand, flush with water
• Downspouts: Ensure water drains 4-6 feet from foundation
• Guards: Consider gutter guards to reduce cleaning

Caulking & Flashing

• Inspection: Check around chimneys, vents, roof penetrations
• Caulking: Replace dried or cracked caulk annually
• Cost: DIY caulk $5-10, professional sealing $200+

5. Foundation & Structural

Foundation Inspection

• Cracks: Monitor existing cracks with mark and date
• Growth: Cracks > 1/4" wide or growing = call structural engineer
• Moisture: Efflorescence (white powder) indicates water seeping
• Doors/Windows: Sticking or not closing properly may indicate settling

Basement Waterproofing

• Drainage: Ensure water slopes away from foundation
• Sump Pump: Test annually, replace battery in backup pump
• Dehumidifier: Use in humid climates to prevent mold
• Sealing: Use concrete sealant on cracks every 2-3 years

6. Appliance Maintenance

Refrigerator

• Coil Cleaning: Vacuum coils under/behind every 3-6 months
• Seal Check: Door should seal tightly (dollar bill test)
• Temperature: Set fridge to 37-40°F, freezer to 0°F

Washing Machine

• Hose Inspection: Check for cracks/leaks annually
• Lint Trap: Clean after every load for front-loaders
• Hot Water: Use cold water for most loads (saves energy)

Dishwasher

• Filter Cleaning: Clean food trap before each load
• Spray Arm: Clear spray holes with toothpick
• Rinse Aid: Refill regularly for spot-free dishes

7. Seasonal Maintenance Checklist

Spring

• Test HVAC before warm weather
• Inspect roof and gutters after winter
• Check basement for leaks
• Trim tree branches near roof
• Test sump pump

Summer

• Replace HVAC filter
• Check exterior caulking
• Power wash deck/patio
• Inspect appliances

Fall

• Clean gutters and downspouts
• Prepare HVAC for heating season
• Inspect weatherstripping
• Check attic ventilation

Winter

• Monitor for ice dams
• Check for drafts around windows
• Verify pipes are insulated
• Test heating system

8. Cost Estimates for Common Repairs

9. Home Maintenance Tips

• Keep all receipts and records for warranty/resale value
• Build a small repair fund for emergencies
• Learn basic troubleshooting for common issues
• Don't DIY electrical or structural work
• Get multiple quotes for major repairs
• Consider home warranty for coverage on appliances
• Take photos of issues for insurance purposes